The size of the capercaillie Tetrao urogallus population in Estonia is 4,500-5,000 individuals in spring. In December 1994 the capercaillie was placed under nature protection and it became possible to establish reserve areas to protect their habitats. Display grounds and male territories of ca 1 km radius are constant from year to year. Such areas should be regarded as a constant habitat and should be included in reserve areas. Nature reserves for capercaillie consist of two different areas: an area of absolute protection and an area with management limitations. Areas of absolute protection are display grounds and the surrounding area up to 300 m which has suitable forest for displaying. These areas are categorised as reserved forests and their primary function is the preservation of habitat for the display of capercaillie. Areas with management limitations are about 1.0 - 3.0 km? around the area of absolute protection (size of area depends upon number of displaying males) and should include the surrounding suitable forests for capercaillie. These areas are used economically but management should follow the protection guidelines. These forests are classified as protected forests.

Key words: capercaillie, Estonia, habitat conservation, Tetrao urogallus

Ene Viht, Metsakatsejaam, J?gevamaa, EE2350, Estonia